l-carnitine tmao koeth 2013 nature medicine Gut Metabolite Trimethylamine-N-Oxide in Atherosclerosis: From Mechanism to Therapy γ–Butyrobetaine is a pro-atherogenic intermediate

Butyrobetaine is a pro atherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L carnitine to TMAO PMC Trimethylamine Noxide: breathe new life Subramaniam 2018 British Journal of Pharmacology Wiley Online Library Gut Microbiota Dependent Marker TMAO in Promoting Cardiovascular Disease: Inflammation Mechanism, Clinical Prognostic, and Potential as a Therapeutic Target PMC L Carnitine intake and high trimethylamine N oxide plasma levels correlate with low aortic lesions in ApoE transgenic mice expressing CETP ScienceDirect Trimethylamine Trimethylamine N Oxide as a Key Between Diet and Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular Toxicology Springer Nature Link

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