l carnitine tmao koeth 2013 nature medicine Innovative carnitine-fed rats model reveals resveratrol butyrate Ester's multimechanistic role in reducing and cardiovascular risk The gut–brain axis and trimethylamine
The gutbrain axis and trimethylamine N oxide: an emergent biomarker in neurological diseases ScienceDirect A systematic review of TMAO, microRNAs, and the oral gut microbiomes in atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction: mechanistic insights and translational opportunities Journal of Translational Medicine Springer Nature Link JCI l Carnitine in omnivorous diets induces an atherogenic gut microbial pathway in humans Dietary allicin reduces transformation of L carnitine to TMAO through impact on gut microbiota ScienceDirect Butyrobetaine Is a Proatherogenic Intermediate in Gut Microbial Metabolism of L Carnitine to TMAO: Cell Metabolism
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