o Cytokines including: o Interferons such as IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, IFN-gamma o lnterleukines such as IL-1 , IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1 1 , IL-12, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17, IL-18, IL-19, IL-20, IL-21 , IL-22, IL-23, IL-24, IL-25, IL-26, IL-27, IL-28,-IL-29, IL-30, IL-31 , IL-32, IL-33, IL-34, IL-35 o Tumor necrosis factors: TNF-alfa, TNF-beta o Others: CSFs (colony-stimulating factors), c-Kit, EPO, TGF-, CD40L, CD27L, CD30L, MIF Cytokine receptors like IL-1 R, IL-2R, IL-3R, IL-4R, IL-5R, IL-6R, IL-7R, IL-8R, IL-9-R, IL-10R, IL-1 1 R, IL-12R, IL-13R, IL-15R, IL-18R, IL-20R, IL-21 R, IL-22R, IL-23R, IL-27R, IL-28R Chemokines such as CXCL1 , CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL4, CXCL5, CXCL6, CXCL7, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL1 1 , CXCL12, CXCL13, CXCL14, CXCL15, CXCL16, CCL1 , CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL6, CCL7, CCL8, CCL8, CCL9, CCL10, CCL1 1 , CCL12, CCL13, CCL14, CCL15, CCL16, CCL17, CCL18, CCL19, CCL20, CCL21 , CCL22, CCL23, CCL24, CCL25, CCL26, CCL27, CCL28, CXCR4, CCRL2 Chemokine receptors like CCR1 , CCR2, CCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CCR8, CCR9, CCR10, CCR1 1 , CXCR1 , CXCR2, CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, CXCR6, CXCR7, CX3CR1 Toll-like receptors such as TLR1 , TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, TLR10 Toll like receptor ligands such as multiple triacyl lipopeptides, multiple diacyl lipopeptides, multiple glycolipids, multiple lipopeptides, multiple lipoproteins, lipoteichoic acid, peptidoglycans, Zymosan, single- and double-stranded RNA, Poly I:C, lipo-polysaccharides, fibrinogen, heparin sulphate fragments, hyaluronic acid fragments, flagellin, imidazoquinoline, loxoribine (guanosine analogue), bropirimine, Imiquimod, unmethylated CpG DNA
On the relevance of hydroxyl radical to purine DNA damage
These fungi can produce proinflammatory metabolites and activate immune pathways that disrupt normal tissue homeostasis, thereby exacerbating inflammation to create a microenvironment conducive to tumor growth
Systemic inflammation driven by diet and gut microbiome imbalance can worsen nerve pain, slow tissue healing, and reduce the effectiveness of regenerative therapies
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