l-carnitine tmao koeth 2013 nature medicine Effects of choline metabolite—trimethylamine N-oxide on immunometabolism in inflammatory bowel disease γ-Butyrobetaine Is a Proatherogenic Intermediate
Butyrobetaine Is a Proatherogenic Intermediate in Gut Microbial Metabolism of L Carnitine to TMAO ScienceDirect Dietary Fatty Acids Modulate Gut Microbiota Derived Trimethylamine N Oxide: Potential Mechanisms and Future Perspective Innovative carnitine fed rats model reveals resveratrol butyrate Ester's multimechanistic role in reducing TMAO and cardiovascular risk ScienceDirect Trimethylamine Trimethylamine N Oxide as a Key Between Diet and Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular Toxicology Springer Nature Link Characterization of TMAO productivity from carnitine challenge facilitates personalized nutrition and microbiome signatures discovery Microbiome Springer Nature Link
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