glutathione peroxidase activity antioxidant (GPx) is induced by oxidative stress Glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes,

Graphical Abstract Similar content being viewed by others Introduction Parkinsons disease (PD) is a neurological condition characterized by muscular rigidity, tremors, speech, and gait abnormalities [1]

1 Introduction Gastric cancer is the third most frequent cause of cancer-related death, and the fifth most diagnosed malignancy around the world (1)

At the same time, thyroid hormone deficiency may impair gastrointestinal motility and alter the mucosal environment, further disrupting microbial composition and reinforcing a bidirectional relationship between thyroid function and gut health

Moreover, these drugs have significant bone marrow toxicity, are suspected teratogens and the emergence of resistance remains a potential threat to treatment

The mutant huntingtin protein can disrupt mitochondrial function and increase ROS production