For elution of the target protein, the interaction to the ligand is resolved by changing the buffer conditions, for example, the pH value, or by adding a specific competitor that supplants the target protein from the ligand resulting in dissociation of the target, while the ligand remains immobilized on the stationary phase
They are often studies not done in humans but in livestock, or conducted in tiny groups of human volunteers, sometimes written by higher-ups in, for example, the chlorella industry

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Simultaneously, the TRAF-STOP inhibitor (TI) was incorporated into mHSA nanocages by exploiting the large hydrophobic cavities in HSA
doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.27230C