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To solve the paradox that pre-existing high concentrations of ROS in the TME can conversely inhibit immunity, the most advanced strategy is to develop multifunctional nanovaccines that first clear, then activate. Such vaccines can first use their material properties to scavenge the inhibitory ROS in the TME, creating a favorable environment for immune cells, and then strongly activate DCs by releasing immune agonists, ultimately triggering a systemic anti-tumor immunity [265]

Further results from in vitro desuccinylation assays also demonstrated that HA-SIRT2 protein purified from HA-SIRT2 overexpressing HEK293T cells could efficiently desuccinylate GCLC in the presence of NAD + (Fig

(2002) 283:G13529

Bcl-2 functions in an antioxidant pathway to prevent apoptosis

When FTH1 is reduced, it causes intracellular iron overload, and iron overload promotes the production of large amounts of ROS by Fenton, consequently promoting cellular ferroptosis [142]