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l carnitine tmao nature medicine 2013 koeth Non lethal Inhibition of Gut Microbial Trimethylamine Production for the Treatment of Atherosclerosis: Frontiers Gut Microbiota Dependent Marker TMAO in Promoting Cardiovascular Disease: Inflammation Mechanism, Clinical Prognostic, and Potential as a Therapeutic Target Intestinal microbiota metabolism of l carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis Nature Medicine JCI l Carnitine in omnivorous diets induces an atherogenic gut microbial pathway in humans Butyrobetaine Is a Proatherogenic Intermediate in Gut Microbial Metabolism of L Carnitine to TMAO ScienceDirect
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